[go] Add test CLI setup helper - #2478

Node.js 20 is deprecated. The following actions target Node.js 20 but are being forced to run on Node.js 24: actions/checkout@34e114876b0b11c390a56381ad16ebd13914f8d5, dorny/paths-filter@6852f92c20ea7fd3b0c25de3b5112db3a98da050. For more information see: https://github.blog/changelog/2025-09-19-deprecation-of-node-20-on-github-actions-runners/